Thursday 22 December 2011

History of English language - An Irony for In

I have seen many parents enforcing English on their little ones instead of mother tongue. Many feel pride (Check below on what English Nobility Felt!!), if the child speaks in English. Apart from the scientific study and/or ruling from the courts that, basic education needs to be in mother tongue, popular belief is to orient towards English at early ages. I have already written about a view on this from MK Gandhi. But one should understand English History before taking this step. Check this out at http://www.ielanguages.com/enghist.html


The period of Middle English begins with the Norman invasion of 1066 CE. King Edward the Confessor had died without heirs, and William, Duke of Normandy, believed that he would become the next king. However, upon learning that Harold was crowned king, William invaded England, killed Harold and crowned himself king during the famous Battle of Hastings. Yet William spoke only French. As a result, the upper class in England began to speak French while the lower classes spoke English.


But by 1250 CE, French began to lose its prestige. King John had lost Normandy to the French in 1204 CE, and after him, King Edward I spoke only English. At this time, many foreigners entered England which made the nobility feel more "English" and so encouraged more use of the English language. The upper class tried to learn English, but they did still use French words sometimes, which was considered somewhat snobbish. French still maintained its prestige elsewhere, and the upper class did not want to lose it completely. Nevertheless, the Hundred Year's War (1337-1453 CE) intensified hatred of all things French. The Black Death also played a role in increasing English use with the emergence of the middle class. Several of the workers had been killed by the plague, which increased the status of the peasants, who only spoke English. By 1362 CE, the Statute of Pleading (although written in French) declared English as the official spoken language of the courts. By 1385 CE, English was the language of instruction in schools. 1350 to 1400 CE is known as the Period of Great Individual Writers (most famously, Chaucer), but their works included an apology for writing in English.


Although the popularity of French was decreasing, several words (around 10,000) were borrowed into English between 1250 and 1500 CE (though most of these words were Parisian rather than Norman French). Many of the words were related to government (sovereign, empire), law (judge, jury, justice, attorney, felony, larceny), social life (fashion, embroidery, cuisine, appetite) and learning (poet, logic, physician). Furthermore, the legal system retained parts of French word order (the adjective following the noun) in such terms as fee simple, attorney general and accounts payable.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_Kingdom


Norman French is still used in the Houses of Parliament for certain official business between the clerks of the House of Commons and the House of Lords, and on other official occasions such as the dissolution of Parliament. 

Tuesday 20 December 2011

Sunday 11 December 2011

Thought of the day

When I woke up this morning I asked myself: "What is life about"?  
I found the answer right there in my very room. 


* The Fan said              - Be cool. 
* The Roof said            - Aim high. 
* The Window said       - See the world. 
* The Clock said           - Every minute is precious. 
* The Calendar said      - Your days are numbered
The Mirror said          - Reflect before you act.
* The Door said           - Push hard for your goals. 
* The floor said            - Kneel down & pray


Unknown Authour, NLSIU

Thought of the day

Capitalism is the unequal distribution of wealth; 

Socialism is the equal distribution of Misery; 


- Winston Churchil



Big words/Big ideas explained in simple and effective way. I liked these definitions. 

Tuesday 6 December 2011

Thought of the day

It's not what's happening to you now or what has happened in your past that determines who you become. Rather, its your decisions about what to focus on. What things mean to you and what youre going to do about them that will determine your ultimate destiny. - Anthony Robbins.

Monday 5 December 2011

Thought of the day



Education As Per Mahatma Gandhi
Medium Of Education
I find daily proof of the increasing & continuing wrong being done to the millions by our false de-Indianizing education.

We seem to have come to think that no one can hope to be like a Bose unless he knows English. I cannot conceive a grosser superstition than this. No Japanese feels so helpless as we seem to do....

The medium of instruction should be alerted at once, and at any cost, the provincial languages being given their rightful place. I would prefer temporary chaos in higher education to the criminal waste that is daily accumulating.

Education through a foreign Language entails a certain degree of strain, and our boys have to pay dearly for it. To a large extent, they lose the capacity of shouldering any other burden afterwards., for they become a useless lot who are weak of body, without any zest for work and imitators of the West. They have little interest in original research  or deep thinking, and the qualities of courage, perseverance. bravery and fearlessness are lacking. That is why we are unable to make new plans or carry our projects to meet our problems. In case we make them to fail to implement them. A few who do show promise usually die young.......

We, the English educated people alone are unable to assess the great loss that this factor has caused. Some idea of its immensity would be had if we could estimate how little we have influenced the general mass of our people.

The school must be an extension of home there must be concordance between the impressions which a child gathers at home and at school, if the best results are to be obtained. Education through the medium of strange tongue breaks the concordance which should exist. Those who breaks this relationship are enemies of the people even though their motives may be honest. To be a voluntary victim of this system of education is as good as the betrayal of our duty towards our mothers. The harm done by this alien type of education does not stop here; it goes much further . It has produced a gulf between the educated classes and the masses. The people look on us as beings apart from them.

It is my considered opinion that English education in the manner it has been given has emasculated the English educated Indian, it has put a severe strain upon the Indian students' nervous energy and has made of us imitators. The process of displacing the vernaculars has been one of the saddest chapters in the British connection. Ram Mohan Rai would have been a greater reformer, and Lokmanya Tilak would have been a greater scholar, if they had not to start with the handicap of having to think in English and transmit their thoughts chiefly in English. Their effect on their own people, marvelous as it was, would have been greater  if they would have been brought under a less unnatural system. No dought they both gained from their knowledge of the rich treasures of English literature. But these should have been accessible to them through their own vernaculars. No country can become a nation by producing a race of imitators.

English is today studied because of its commercial and so called political value. Our boys think and rightly in the present circumstances, that without English they cannot get Government service. Girls are taught English as a passport to marriage. I know several instances of women wanting to learn English so that they may be able to talk in English. I know families in which English is made a mother tongue. Hundreds of youth believe  that without the Knowledge of English. freedom of India is practically impossible. The canker has so eaten into the society that in many cases the only meaning of education is Knowledge of English. All these are for me signs of our slavery and degradation. It is unbearable  to me that the vernaculars should be crushed and starved as they have been. I cannot tolerate the idea of parents writing to their children, or husbands writing to their wives, not in their own vernaculars but in English.

The foreign medium has caused brains fag, put an undue strain upon the nerves of our children, made them crammers and imitators, unfitted them for original work and thought, and disabled them for filtrating their learning to the family or the masses. The foreign medium has made our children practically foreigners in their own lands. It is the greatest tragedy of the existing system. The foreign medium has prevented the growth of our vernaculars. If I had the powers of a despot, I would today stop the tuitions of our boys and girls through a foreign medium and require all the teachers  and professors on pain of dismissal to introduce the change forthwith.  I would not wait for the preparation of Text books. They will follow the change. It is an evil that need a summary remedy.

Among the many evils of foreign rule, this blighting imposition of a foreign medium upon the youth of the country will be counted by history as one of the greatest. It has sapped the energy of the nation, it has estranged them for the masses, it has made education unnecessarily expensive. If this process is still persisted in, it bids fair to rob the nation of its soul. The sooner, therefore educated India shakes itself free from the hypnotic spell of the foreign medium, the better it would be for them and the people.

This article is taken from the book "The Selected Works Of Gandhi"
Vol. 6  The Voice of Truth
 

Saturday 3 December 2011

Socially Equitable

"Judge every action by its impact on the poorest person in the country" - Mahatma Gandhi.
This simple line explains a big concept. This was an advice for the "Rulers". In present context it applies to our democratic set-up, Law makers (Parliament), Law enforcers (Bureaucracy), Law Pronounce-rs (Judiciary) and Law Observers (Media). I think, this qualifies as a best Objective for the nation.

What has changed is that, the word 'poorest' is replaced by 'Richest'. The result => CEO of Union Carbide flying out with govt escort, while poorest people were dieing/suffering from the worst industrial accidents in this country.

Truth (about what is required for India) known long before independence...

Sardar Patel’s presidential address to the Congress, 1931: ”No one would die of starvation in independent India. Its grain would not be exported. Cloth would not be imported by it. Its leaders would neither use a foreign language nor rule from a remote place 7,000 feet above sea level. Its military expenditure would not be heavy. Its army would not subjugate its own people or other lands. Its best-paid officials would not earn a great deal more than its lowest-paid servants. And finding justice in it would be neither costly nor difficult.” Does any of our present leaders practice or atleast preach about this?

Present politicians export sugar to world and increase price in India- example of our generosity, we let others attack our land and keep them in jail with all comforts example of our patience, military expenditure is heaviest 3 or 4th largest in world but never use for anything..example of Ahimsa..., the top babu's and lower babu's eat bribe together best example of bhaichara...., 40% of population is below poverty line with projected growth rate of 9% growth rate)..even after so much disparity in income we live in harmony and peace..example of jo hota hai aache ke liye hota hai.....Frankly i don't have any more better sarcastic comments than this...
Santosh C Nair (Who originally gave the above Gyan)

Thursday 1 December 2011

Thought of the day

The path to success is to take massive, determined action - Anthony Robbins.